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Ted Chiang (Chinese: 姜峯楠; pinyin: Jiāng Fēngnán; born 1967) is an American science fiction writer. His work has won four Nebula awards, four Hugo awards, the John W. Campbell Award for Best New Writer, and six Locus awards.cite-ref-1[1] He has published the short story collections Stories of Your Life and Others (2002) and Exhalation: Stories (2019). His short story "Story of Your Life" was the basis of the film Arrival (2016). He was an artist in residence at the University of Notre Dame from 2020 to 2021.cite-ref-2[2] Chiang is also a frequent non-fiction contributor to the New Yorker, where he writes on topics related to computing such as artificial intelligence.

• Early life and education

• Career

• Writing style and influences

• Reception

• Awards

• Personal life

• Works

• Short stories

• Collections

• Non-fiction

• Lectures

• Philosophy

• Film

• References

• External links

Ted Chiang was born in 1967 to a Taiwanese American family in Port Jefferson, New York.cite-ref-3[3] His Chinese name is Chiang Feng-nan (姜峯楠; Jiāng Fēngnán).cite-ref-4[4] Both of his parents are Taiwanese waishengren who were born in mainland China and migrated to Taiwan with their families during the retreat of the government of the Republic of China to Taiwan before immigrating to the United States.cite-ref-2-5-0[5] His father, Fu-pen Chiang, is a distinguished professor of mechanical engineering at Stony Brook University.cite-ref-6[6] His mother (d. 2019) was a librarian.cite-ref-3-7-0[7] Chiang also has a sister who is a physician.cite-ref-3-7-1[7]

Chiang grew up on Long Island and, at age 15, began submitting science fiction stories to magazines.cite-ref-4-8-0[8] He later recalled, "When I was a kid, my intention was to become a physicist. That was a perfectly respectable career choice for the son of an engineer. I figured I would be a fiction writer on the side, and that, I think, is perfectly acceptable to Asian parents".cite-ref-3-7-2[7] In 1989, he graduated from Brown University with a Bachelor of Science (B.S.) degree after choosing to study computer science over physics.cite-ref-9[9]cite-ref-10[10] As an undergraduate, Chiang continued to write sci-fi stories, though they were ultimately unpublished.cite-ref-4-8-1[8]

After attending and graduating from the Clarion Workshop in 1989 Chiang sold his first story, "The Tower of Babylon", to Omni magazine,cite-ref-0-11-0[11] and was awarded a Nebula Award for it in 1990.cite-ref-2-5-1[5] His later stories have won numerous other awards, making him one of the most-honored writers in contemporary science fiction. Chiang's first short story collection, Stories of Your Life and Others (2002) was published in 2002 by Tor Books and comprises his first eight stories. The collection was reprinted in 2016 as Arrival to coincide with the adaptation of "Story of Your Life" as the film Arrival.cite-ref-12[12]cite-ref-13[13]

As of July 2002, Chiang was working as a technical writer in the software industry and resided in Bellevue, Washington, near Seattle.cite-ref-14[14] He was an instructor at the Clarion Workshop at UC San Diego in 2012 and 2016.cite-ref-15[15]

Chiang's second short story collection, Exhalation: Stories was published in May 2019 by Alfred A. Knopf.cite-ref-16[16] Chiang has published eighteen short stories, novelettes, and novellas as of 2019. In 2022, Chiang became a Miller Scholar in the Santa Fe Institute.cite-ref-17[17]cite-ref-18[18]

In 2023, Chiang was named one of Time's 100 most influential people in AI.cite-ref-19[19]

Chiang has said Isaac Asimov and Arthur C. Clarke inspired him when he was young,cite-ref-20[20] while the works of Gene Wolfe, John Crowley and Edward Bryant were his creative influences in college.cite-ref-1-21-0[21]

Chiang has said that one of the reasons science fiction writing interests him is that it allows him to make philosophical questions "storyable".cite-ref-1-21-1[21] He enjoys reading explanatory story notes by authors, and includes them in his own collections. He considers these not the "precise response to 'How did you get the idea?,' but it's a way to answer the reader if they knew what the best question to ask [about the story] was".cite-ref-22[22]

Critic John Clute has written that Chiang's work has a "tight-hewn and lucid style... [which] has a magnetic effect on the reader".cite-ref-23[23] Critic and poet Joyce Carol Oates wrote that Chiang explores "conventional tropes of science fiction in highly unconventional ways" in "teasing, tormenting, illuminating, thrilling" fashion, comparing him favorably to Philip K. Dick, James Tiptree Jr. and Jorge Luis Borges.cite-ref-24[24] Writer Peter Watts has praised Chiang's work, writing: "We share a secret prayer, we writers of short SF. We utter it whenever one of our stories is about to appear in public, and it goes like this: Please, Lord. Please, if it be Thy will, don’t let Ted Chiang publish a story this year."cite-ref-25[25]

Former US president Barack Obama included Chiang's short story collection Exhalation in his 2019 reading list, praising it as the "best kind of science fiction".cite-ref-26[26]

Chiang has commented on "metacognition, or thinking about one’s own thinking" being something most humans, but neither animals nor current AI, are capable of, and that capitalism erodes the capacity for this insight, especially for tech company executives.cite-ref-27[27]

Ted Chiang has won or been nominated for several awards for several of his works.

Chiang turned down a Hugo nomination for his short story "Liking What You See: A Documentary" in 2003, on the grounds that the story was rushed due to editorial pressure and did not turn out as he had really wanted.cite-ref-28[28]

Chiang was inducted into the Science Fiction and Fantasy Hall of Fame in 2020. In 2024, Chiang won the PEN/Malamud Award for "excellence in the art of the short story"cite-ref-29[29]cite-ref-30[30]cite-ref-31[31] and the American Humanist Association's Inquiry and Innovation Award.cite-ref-32[32]

| Work | Year & Award | Category | Result | Ref. |

|---|---|---|---|---|

| Tower of Babylon | 1991 Locus Award | Novelette | Nominated | [ 33 ] |

| Tower of Babylon | 1991 Hugo Award | Novelette | Nominated | |

| Tower of Babylon | 1991 Nebula Award | Novelette | Won | |

| Tower of Babylon | 1991 SF Chronicle Award | Novelette | Nominated | [ 34 ] |

| Tower of Babylon | 1992 Astounding Award for Best New Writer | | Won | |

| Tower of Babylon | 1998 Premio Ignotus | Foreign Story | Nominated | [ 35 ] |

| Division by Zero | 1992 Locus Award | Short Story | Nominated | |

| Understand | 1991 Asimov's Readers' Poll | Novelette | Won | [ 36 ] |

| Understand | 1992 Locus Award | Novelette | Nominated | |

| Understand | 1992 Hugo Award | Novelette | Nominated | |

| Understand | 1994 Hayakawa's S-F Magazine Reader's Award | Foreign Short Story | Won | |

| Story of Your Life | 1998 Otherwise Award | | Honor | |

| Story of Your Life | 1998 HOMer Award | Novella | Nominated | [ 37 ] |

| Story of Your Life | 1999 Locus Award | Novella | Nominated | |

| Story of Your Life | 1999 Hugo Award | Novella | Nominated | |

| Story of Your Life | 1999 Theodore Sturgeon Award | Short Science Fiction | Won | |

| Story of Your Life | 2000 Nebula Award | Novella | Won | |

| Story of Your Life | 2001 Hayakawa's S-F Magazine Reader's Award | Foreign Short Story | Won | |

| Story of Your Life | 2002 Seiun Award | Translated Short Story | Won | |

| Seventy-Two Letters | 2000 Sidewise Award for Alternate History | Short Form | Won | |

| Seventy-Two Letters | 2001 Theodore Sturgeon Award | Short Science Fiction | Finalist | [ 38 ] |

| Seventy-Two Letters | 2001 World Fantasy Award | Novella | Nominated | |

| Seventy-Two Letters | 2001 Hugo Award | Novella | Nominated | |

| Seventy-Two Letters | 2001 Locus Award | Novella | Nominated | |

| Seventy-Two Letters | 2002 Hayakawa's S-F Magazine Reader's Award | Foreign Short Story | Won | |

| Catching Crumbs from the Table (aka: The Evolution of Human Science) | 2001 Locus Award | Short Story | Nominated | |

| Hell Is the Absence of God | 2002 Hugo Award | Novelette | Won | |

| Hell Is the Absence of God | 2002 Locus Award | Novelette | Won | |

| Hell Is the Absence of God | 2002 Theodore Sturgeon Award | Short Science Fiction | Finalist | [ 39 ] |

| Hell Is the Absence of God | 2003 Nebula Award | Novelette | Won | |

| Hell Is the Absence of God | 2004 Seiun Award | Translated Short Story | Won | |

| Hell Is the Absence of God | 2005 Premio Ignotus | Foreign Story | Nominated | [ 40 ] |

| Hell Is the Absence of God | 2013 Kurd Laßwitz Award | Foreign Work (Translated as Die Hölle ist die Abwesenheit Gottes ) | Won | |

| Liking What You See: A Documentary | 2002 Otherwise Award | | Honor | |

| Liking What You See: A Documentary | 2003 Theodore Sturgeon Award | Short Science Fiction | Finalist | [ 41 ] |

| Liking What You See: A Documentary | 2003 Locus Award | Novelette | Nominated | |

| The Merchant and the Alchemist's Gate | 2007 BSFA Award | Short Fiction | Nominated | |

| The Merchant and the Alchemist's Gate | 2008 Hugo Award | Novelette | Won | |

| The Merchant and the Alchemist's Gate | 2008 Nebula Award | Novelette | Won | |

| The Merchant and the Alchemist's Gate | 2008 Theodore Sturgeon Award | Short Science Fiction | Finalist | [ 42 ] |

| The Merchant and the Alchemist's Gate | 2008 Locus Award | Novelette | Nominated | |

| The Merchant and the Alchemist's Gate | 2009 Seiun Award | Translated Short Story | Won | |

| Stories of Your Life and Others | 2003 Locus Award | Collection | Won | |

| Stories of Your Life and Others | 2007 Grand Prix de l'Imaginaire | Foreign Short story/Collection of Foreign Short Stories | Nominated | [ 43 ] |

| Stories of Your Life and Others | 2017 Washington State Book Award | Fiction | Nominated | |

| Exhalation | 2008 BSFA Award | Short Fiction | Won | |

| Exhalation | 2009 Hugo Award | Short Story | Won | |

| Exhalation | 2009 Locus Award | Short Story | Won | |

| Exhalation | 2010 Grand Prix de l'Imaginaire | Foreign Short story/Collection of Foreign Short Stories | Won | [ 44 ] |

| Exhalation | 2011 Seiun Award | Translated Short Story | Nominated | |

| Exhalation | 2019 Ray Bradbury Prize | | Finalist | |

| Exhalation | 2021 Ignotus Awards | Foreign Short Story | Won | [ 45 ] |

| Exhalation (Collection) | 2019 Bram Stoker Award | Fiction Collection | Nominated | |

| Exhalation (Collection) | 2019 Goodreads Choice Awards | Science Fiction | Nominated | [ 46 ] |

| Exhalation (Collection) | 2020 Locus Award | Collection | Won | |

| Exhalation (Collection) | 2021 Shelley Award | The Mary Shelley Award for Outstanding Fictional Work | Won | [ 47 ] |

| Exhalation (Collection) | 2021 Grand prix de l'Imaginaire | Foreign Short story/Collection of Foreign Short Stories | Nominated | [ 48 ] |

| The Lifecycle of Software Objects | 2011 RUSA CODES Reading List | Science Fiction | Shortlisted | [ 49 ] |

| The Lifecycle of Software Objects | 2011 Hugo Award | Novella | Won | |

| The Lifecycle of Software Objects | 2011 Nebula Award | Novella | Nominated | |

| The Lifecycle of Software Objects | 2011 Locus Award | Novella | Won | |

| The Lifecycle of Software Objects | 2012 Seiun Award | Translated Short Story | Won | |

| The Lifecycle of Software Objects | 2013 Premio Ignotus | Foreign Story | Nominated | |

| The Lifecycle of Software Objects | 2014 FantLab's Book of the Year Award | Translated Novella/Short Story | Nominated | |

| The Truth of Fact, the Truth of Feeling | 2014 Locus Award | Novelette | Nominated | |

| The Truth of Fact, the Truth of Feeling | 2014 Hugo Award | Novelette | Nominated | |

| The Truth of Fact, the Truth of Feeling | 2016 Premio Ignotus | Foreign Story | Nominated | [ 50 ] |

| Arrival | 2017 Hugo Award | Dramatic Presentation - Long Form | Won | |

| Omphalos | 2020 Hugo Award | Novelette | Nominated | |

| Omphalos | 2020 Theodore Sturgeon Award | Short Science Fiction | Finalist | [ 51 ] |

| Omphalos | 2020 Seiun Award | Translated Short Story | Nominated | |

| Omphalos | 2020: Ignyte Award | Novelette | Finalist | [ 52 ] |

| Omphalos | 2020 Locus Award | Novelette | Won | |

| Anxiety Is the Dizziness of Freedom | 2020 Hugo Award | Novella | Nominated | |

| Anxiety Is the Dizziness of Freedom | 2020 Nebula Award | Novella | Nominated | |

| Anxiety Is the Dizziness of Freedom | 2020 Seiun Award | Translated Short Story | Nominated | |

| Anxiety Is the Dizziness of Freedom | 2020 Locus Award | Novella | Nominated | |

| It's 2059, and the Rich Kids are Still Winning | 2020 Locus Award | Short Story | Nominated | |

| "Why A.I. Isn’t Going to Make Art" | 2024 BSFA | Short Non-Fiction | Won | [ 53 ] |

As of 2016, Chiang lives in Bellevue, Washington, with his long-time partner, Marcia Glover,cite-ref-54[54] whom he met while they both were working at Microsoft. She worked as an interface designer and then a photographer.cite-ref-2-5-2[5]

• "Tower of Babylon", Omni, 1990

• "Division by Zero", Full Spectrum 3, 1991cite-ref-55[55]

• "Understand", Asimov's Science Fiction, 1991cite-ref-56[56]

• "Story of Your Life", Starlight 2, 1998

• "The Evolution of Human Science" (also known as "Catching Crumbs from the Table"), Nature, 2000cite-ref-57[57]

• "Seventy-Two Letters", Vanishing Acts, 2000

• "Hell Is the Absence of God", Starlight 3, 2001

• "Liking What You See: A Documentary", Stories of Your Life and Others, 2002

• "What's Expected of Us", Nature, 2005cite-ref-58[58]

• "The Merchant and the Alchemist's Gate", Subterranean Press, 2007 and F&SF, September 2007

• "Exhalation", Eclipse 2, 2008

• "The Lifecycle of Software Objects", Subterranean Press, July 2010

• "Dacey's Patent Automatic Nanny", The Thackery T. Lambshead Cabinet of Curiosities (edited by Jeff VanderMeer and Ann VanderMeer) June 2011

• "The Truth of Fact, the Truth of Feeling", Subterranean Press Magazine, August 2013cite-ref-59[59]

• "The Great Silence", e-flux Journal, May 2015 (included in The Best American Short Stories, 2016)cite-ref-60[60]

• "Omphalos", Exhalation: Stories, 2019

• "Anxiety Is the Dizziness of Freedom", Exhalation: Stories, 2019

• "It's 2059, and the Rich Kids are Still Winning", New York Times, 2019

• Stories of Your Life and Others (Tor, 2002; republished as Arrival (Picador, 2016)

• Exhalation: Stories (Knopf, May 2019)cite-ref-61[61]

• "Frankenstein's Daughter" by Maureen McHugh: An Appreciation, The Ellen Datlow/SCI FICTION Project, December 30, 2005cite-ref-62[62]

• The Problem of the Traveling Salesman, Lady Churchill's Rosebud Wristlet #23, November 2008cite-ref-63[63]

• Reasoning About the Body, Lady Churchill's Rosebud Wristlet #26, November 2010cite-ref-64[64]

• Introduction to "Particle Theory", Strange Horizons, October 31, 2011cite-ref-65[65]

• Bad Character, The New Yorker, May 9, 2016cite-ref-66[66]

• Silicon Valley Is Turning Into Its Own Worst Fear, Buzzfeed, December 18, 2017cite-ref-67[67]

• What If Parents Loved Strangers’ Children As Much As Their Own?, The New Yorker, December 31, 2017cite-ref-68[68]

• Why Computers Won’t Make Themselves Smarter, The New Yorker, March 30, 2021cite-ref-69[69]

• Foreword to The Art and Science of Arrival by Tanya Lapointe, 2022cite-ref-70[70]

• Foreword to The History of Science Fiction: A Graphic Novel Adventure by Xavier Dollo, 2022cite-ref-71[71]

• ChatGPT Is a Blurry JPEG of the Web, The New Yorker, February 9, 2023cite-ref-72[72]

• Will A.I. Become the New McKinsey?, The New Yorker, May 4, 2023cite-ref-73[73]

• Why A.I. Isn't Going to Make Art, The New Yorker, August 31, 2024cite-ref-74[74]

• Ted Chiang on the Future, MoMA PS1, July 8, 2013cite-ref-75[75]

• Imaginary Science and Magic in Fiction, Notre Dame Technology Ethics Center, November 2020cite-ref-76[76]

• citereffriedell2025Friedell, David, ed. (2025). The Philosophy of Ted Chiang. doi:10.1007/978-3-031-81662-8. ISBN 978-3-031-81661-1.

• "Book review: The Philosophy of Ted Chiang | Santa Fe Institute".

The screenwriter Eric Heisserer adapted Chiang's story "Story of Your Life" into the 2016 film Arrival. Directed by Denis Villeneuve, the film stars Amy Adams and Jeremy Renner.cite-ref-77[77]cite-ref-78[78]

cite-note-11. ↑ Chiang's awards, Internet Speculative Fiction Database.

cite-note-22. ↑ "Ted Chiang". Institute for Advanced Study, University of Notre Dame. Retrieved July 2, 2020.

cite-note-33. ↑ "Ted Chiang". Internet Speculative Fiction Database (Summary Bibliography). Retrieved October 4, 2012.

cite-note-44. ↑ citerefklein2023Klein, Ezra (March 3, 2023). "人工智能真正的恐怖之处" [The Imminent Danger of A.I. Is One We’re Not Talking About]. The New York Times (in Chinese). Retrieved February 14, 2025. Translated from The Imminent Danger of A.I. Is One We’re Not Talking About.

cite-note-2-55. ↑ citerefrothman2017Rothman, Joshua (January 5, 2017). "Ted Chiang's Soulful Science Fiction". The New Yorker. Retrieved January 7, 2017.

cite-note-66. ↑ citereffan2014Fan, Christopher T. (November 5, 2014). "Melancholy Transcendence: Ted Chiang and Asian American Postracial Form". Post45.

cite-note-3-77. ↑ citerefyehmillionaire2019Yeh, James; Millionaire, Tony (December 2, 2019). "An Interview with Ted Chiang". The Believer. No. 128. Retrieved May 26, 2023.

cite-note-4-88. ↑ citerefclark2015Clark, Taylor (January 4, 2015). "The Perfectionist". The California Sunday Magazine. Retrieved February 14, 2025.

cite-note-99. ↑ "Ted Chiang interviewed - infinity plus non-fiction". Infinity Plus. 2002. Archived from the original on December 1, 2022. Retrieved May 26, 2023.

cite-note-1010. ↑ citerefsmith2020Smith, Andy (2020). "Alien Worlds: A new book of short stories from award-winning author Ted Chiang '89". Brown Alumni Magazine. Retrieved May 26, 2023.

cite-note-0-1111. ↑ citerefmccarron2016McCarron, Meghan (July 18, 2016). "The Legendary Ted Chiang on Seeing His Stories Adapted and the Ever-Expanding Popularity of SF". Electric Literature.

cite-note-1212. ↑ "ARRIVAL (STORIES OF YOUR LIFE MTI)". Chapters-Indigo. Retrieved November 30, 2016.

cite-note-1313. ↑ citerefted-chiang2016Ted Chiang (2016). Arrival: originally published as – Stories Of Your Life And Others. Doubleday. ISBN 978-0525433675.

cite-note-1414. ↑ "An Interview with Ted Chiang". SF Site. July 2002. Retrieved October 4, 2012.

cite-note-1515. ↑ "Clarion at UC San Diego Graduates and Instructors". Clarion. Archived from the original on April 27, 2008. Retrieved December 9, 2016.

cite-note-1616. ↑ "Exhalation: Stories". Publishers Weekly.

cite-note-1717. ↑ "Ted Chiang joins SFI Miller Scholars | Santa Fe Institute". www.santafe.edu. January 30, 2023. Retrieved June 18, 2023.

cite-note-1818. ↑ "Ted Chiang. Macrocosm in Miniature" (PDF). Extraterritorial. 2. SFI Press. 2023. Retrieved June 18, 2023.

cite-note-1919. ↑ "TIME100 AI 2023: Ted Chiang". Time. September 7, 2023. Retrieved September 8, 2023.

cite-note-2020. ↑ "Ted Chiang, interviewed by Gavin J. Grant". IndieBound. Archived from the original on April 7, 2017.

cite-note-1-2121. ↑ citerefmccarron2016McCarron, Meghan (July 18, 2016). "The Legendary Ted Chiang on Seeing His Stories Adapted and the Ever-Expanding Popularity of SF". Electric Literature. Retrieved May 26, 2023.

cite-note-2222. ↑ citereforr2019Orr, Niela (December 2, 2019). "An Interview with Ted Chiang". The Believer (magazine). Retrieved May 26, 2023.

cite-note-2323. ↑ Chiang, SF Encyclopedia.

cite-note-2424. ↑ citerefoates2019Oates, Joyce Carol (May 6, 2019). "Science Fiction Doesn't Have to Be Dystopian". The New Yorker. ISSN 0028-792X. Retrieved May 26, 2023.

cite-note-2525. ↑ citerefwatts2016Watts, Peter (November 30, 2016). "Changing Our Minds: "Story of Your Life" in Print and on Screen". No Moods, Ads or Cutesy Fucking Icons. Retrieved May 26, 2023.

cite-note-2626. ↑ citerefbrady2019Brady, Amy (August 20, 2019). "Barack Obama's 2019 Summer Reading List". Chicago Review of Books. Retrieved May 26, 2023.

cite-note-2727. ↑ "Silicon Valley Is Turning Into Its Own Worst Fear". BuzzFeed News. December 18, 2017. Retrieved May 6, 2019.

cite-note-2828. ↑ "Chiang". fantasticmetropolis.com. Archived from the original on April 2, 2008.

cite-note-2929. ↑ "Science Fiction Author Ted Chiang Honoured with the PEN/Malamud Award for Short Story Writing". Times Now. June 12, 2024. Retrieved June 12, 2024.

cite-note-3030. ↑ "Ted Chiang has won the PEN/Faulkner Foundation's short story prize". Literary Hub. June 12, 2024. Retrieved June 12, 2024.

cite-note-3131. ↑ "Chiang Wins PEN/Malamud Award". Locus Online. June 12, 2024. Retrieved June 13, 2024.

cite-note-3232. ↑ citerefhumanist2024Humanist, The (August 22, 2024). "Meet the 2024 Humanist Awardees". TheHumanist.com. Retrieved August 26, 2024.

cite-note-331. "Sfadb : Locus Awards".

cite-note-342. "Sfadb: Science Fiction Chronicle Readers Poll 1991".

cite-note-353. "1998 Premio Ignotus".

cite-note-364. "Sfadb: Asimov's Reader Poll 1992".

cite-note-375. "Sfadb: HOMer Awards 1999".

cite-note-386. "2001 Theodore Sturgeon Memorial Award".

cite-note-397. "2002 Theodore Sturgeon Memorial Award".

cite-note-408. "2005 Premio Ignotus".

cite-note-419. "2003 Theodore Sturgeon Memorial Award".

cite-note-4210. "2008 Theodore Sturgeon Memorial Award".

cite-note-4311. "2007 Grand Prix de l'Imaginaire".

cite-note-4412. "2010 Grand Prix de l'Imaginaire".

cite-note-4513. "Sfadb: Ignotus Awards 2021".

cite-note-4614. "Announcing the Goodreads Choice Winner in Best Science Fiction!".

cite-note-4715. "2021 the Mary Shelley Award for Outstanding Fictional Work".

cite-note-4816. "2021 Grand Prix de l'Imaginaire".

cite-note-4917. "RUSA CODES Reading List | 2011 | Awards and Honors | LibraryThing".

cite-note-5018. "2016 Premio Ignotus".

cite-note-5119. "2020 Theodore Sturgeon Memorial Award".

cite-note-5220. "2020 Results - the Ignyte Awards". September 8, 2022.

cite-note-5321. https://www.bsfa.co.uk/Past-Winners

cite-note-5454. ↑ citerefmacdonald2016Macdonald, Moira (November 2, 2016). "How a Bellevue writer's short story became a major new film". The Seattle Times. Retrieved June 10, 2019.

cite-note-5555. ↑ "Fantastic Metropolis » Division by Zero". November 21, 2011. Archived from the original on November 21, 2011. Retrieved May 6, 2019.

cite-note-5656. ↑ "Understand - a novelette by Ted Chiang". May 27, 2014. Archived from the original on May 27, 2014. Retrieved May 6, 2019.

cite-note-5757. ↑ citerefchiang2000Chiang, Ted (June 2000). "Catching crumbs from the table". Nature. 405 (6786): 517. doi:10.1038/35014679. ISSN 1476-4687. PMID 10850694.

cite-note-5858. ↑ citerefchiang2005Chiang, Ted (July 2005). "What's expected of us". Nature. 436 (7047): 150. Bibcode:2005Natur.436..150C. doi:10.1038/436150a. ISSN 1476-4687.

cite-note-5959. ↑ "The Truth of Fact, the Truth of Feeling by Ted Chiang — Subterranean Press". February 22, 2014. Archived from the original on February 22, 2014. Retrieved May 6, 2019.

cite-note-6060. ↑ "e-flux journal 56th Venice Biennale — SUPERCOMMUNITY – The Great Silence". e-flux Supercommunity. Retrieved May 6, 2019.

cite-note-6161. ↑ "Exhalation by Ted Chiang". Penguin Random House.

cite-note-6262. ↑ "The ED SF Project: "Frankenstein's Daughter" by Maureen McHugh: An Appreciation by Ted Chiang". Retrieved May 11, 2023.

cite-note-6363. ↑ "Lady Churchill's Rosebud Wristlet No. 23 | Small Beer Press". Small Beer Press | Really rather good books. November 1, 2008. Retrieved May 11, 2023.

cite-note-6464. ↑ "Lady Churchill's Rosebud Wristlet No. 26 | Small Beer Press". Small Beer Press | Really rather good books. November 18, 2010. Retrieved May 11, 2023.

cite-note-6565. ↑ citerefwords2011words, Ted Chiang Issue: 31 October 2011 289 (October 31, 2011). "Introduction to "Particle Theory"". Strange Horizons. Retrieved May 11, 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)

cite-note-6666. ↑ "If Chinese Were Phonetic". The New Yorker. May 9, 2016. Retrieved May 11, 2023.

cite-note-6767. ↑ citerefchiang2017Chiang, Ted (December 18, 2017). "Silicon Valley Is Turning Into Its Own Worst Fear". BuzzFeed News. Retrieved June 4, 2023.

cite-note-6868. ↑ "What If Parents Loved Strangers' Children As Much As Their Own?". The New Yorker. December 31, 2017. Retrieved May 11, 2023.

cite-note-6969. ↑ citerefchiang2021Chiang, Ted (March 30, 2021). "Why Computers Won't Make Themselves Smarter". The New Yorker.

cite-note-7070. ↑ "Publication: The Art and Science of Arrival". www.isfdb.org. Retrieved May 11, 2023.

cite-note-7171. ↑ "Publication: The History of Science Fiction: A Graphic Novel Adventure". www.isfdb.org. Retrieved May 11, 2023.

cite-note-7272. ↑ citerefchiang2023Chiang, Ted (February 9, 2023). "ChatGPT Is a Blurry JPEG of the Web". The New Yorker.

cite-note-7373. ↑ citerefchiang2023Chiang, Ted (May 4, 2023). "Will A.I. Become the New McKinsey?". The New Yorker.

cite-note-7474. ↑ citerefchiang2024Chiang, Ted (August 31, 2024). "Why A.I. Isn't Going to Make Art". The New Yorker. ISSN 0028-792X. Retrieved September 7, 2024.

cite-note-7575. ↑ Ted Chiang on the Future, retrieved May 11, 2023

cite-note-7676. ↑ Ted Chiang "Imaginary Science and Magic in Fiction", February 24, 2021, retrieved May 11, 2023

cite-note-7777. ↑ "Jeremy Renner Joins Amy Adams in Sci-Fi 'Story of Your Life'". The Hollywood Reporter. March 6, 2015.

cite-note-7878. ↑ citerefzutter2016Zutter, Natalie (August 8, 2016). "Your First Look at Arrival, the Adaptation of Ted Chiang's Novella Story of Your Life". TOR. tor.com. Retrieved August 17, 2016.

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